Socioeconomic analysis of tourist complexes in the parish of El Carmen, canton of La Maná, province of Cotopaxi

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the socioeconomic impact of tourist resorts in the El Carmen parish, La Maná canton, Cotopaxi province. The methodology employed a mixed-methods approach, specifically a descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 384 tourists over 18 years of age who visited the resorts, along with 3 owners, managers, or administrators. The interview results indicated that tourist resorts contribute to job creation in areas such as administration, kitchen staff, guest services, cleaning, maintenance, and security. However, the presence of both advantages and disadvantages also revealed that increased tourism does not always translate into sustainable growth, even though the activity generates employment, stimulates commerce, and enhances the area's image. The study concluded that the income generated allows tourists to cover needs such as food, education, healthcare, transportation, and basic services; however, its stability depends on weekends, holidays, and peak tourist seasons. In addition, adverse effects were observed related to congestion, price increases, disruption of tranquility, waste generation, and the deterioration of natural spaces.